AIM2

AIM2 or PYHIN4, is a key protein in the interferon-induced HIN-200 family, initially identified as a tumor suppressor in melanoma. This cytoplasmic receptor binds to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), activating the AIM2 inflammasome, which leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, ultimately triggering pyroptotic cell death. Beyond its role in innate immunity, AIM2 is crucial for regulating immune cell functions, particularly in the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and B cells, making it relevant to autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). These diverse functions underscore AIM2's potential as a therapeutic target and its wide-ranging applications in biological research and medicine.