EGLN1

EGLN1, nine homologues 1, is a crucial protein found in multiple species, including humans, and is primarily produced using prokaryotic expression systems like E. coli. As the body's primary oxygen receptor, EGLN1 regulates responses to oxygen levels by utilizing oxygen as a cofactor to hydroxylate and modify hypoxia-inducible factor HIF-α, promoting its degradation under aerobic conditions. In hypoxic conditions, EGLN1's activity is inhibited, leading to the accumulation of HIF-α, which is significant for regulating downstream gene expression that impacts cellular metabolism and proliferation. Additionally, EGLN1 is involved in antiviral innate immunity, underscoring its importance in maintaining cellular health and adapting to environmental stressors.