HLA-DRA

HLA-DRA encodes the HLA class II histocompatibility antigen DR alpha chain, a core subunit of MHC class II complexes. It heterodimerizes with DR beta chains (e.g., DRB1) to form functional antigen-presenting molecules, which bind exogenous peptides and present them to CD4+ T lymphocytes, triggering adaptive immune responses against pathogens.
Genetic variants of HLA-DRA are associated with autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, as altered antigen presentation may drive self-reactivity. While direct drugs targeting HLA-DRA are limited, therapies modulating MHC class II-mediated T cell activation (e.g., co-stimulatory blockers) are used or in development, capitalizing on its role in immune regulation for disease management.