LY75

LY75 (Lymphocyte antigen 75), also known as DEC-205 or CD205, is a type C lectin receptor predominantly expressed on dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Functioning as an endocytic antigen-capturing receptor, it facilitates the uptake, processing, and cross-presentation of extracellular antigens via MHC class I/II molecules to prime T-cell responses. Its structural homology with macrophage mannose receptor enables carbohydrate-dependent pathogen recognition. LY75 engages with TLR signaling pathways to modulate cytokine production (e.g., IL-12, IL-10), thereby influencing Th1/Treg cell differentiation. Dysregulation of LY75 is implicated in tumor immune evasion (e.g., melanoma, breast cancer), autoimmune disorders (e.g., lupus), and chronic infections. Therapeutic strategies exploiting its targeting specificity include DEC-205-NY-ESO-1 fusion vaccines in Phase I/II trials for solid tumors. Emerging research explores synergies between LY75-directed therapies and checkpoint inhibitors to enhance antitumor immunity. Genetic polymorphisms in LY75 correlate with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis and allergic asthma.