NPM1

NPM1, or nuclear phosphoprotein 1, is a multifunctional chaperone located in the cell nucleolus and shuttling between the nucleus and cytoplasm, involved in ribosome synthesis, centrosome replication, and DNA repair. It interacts with proteins like P53 and ARF to regulate apoptosis. NPM1's mechanism includes various protein interactions, affecting cell cycle regulation, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. It is highly expressed in various malignant tumor cells, such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML), with its mutant form being relevant to disease pathogenesis and serving as an indicator for monitoring minimal residual disease (MRD). NPM1's abnormal expression or dysfunction is closely associated with tumor development and is a key target in malignant tumor research and treatment.