SNAP25

Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25 kDa (SNAP25, commonly referred to as SNAP-25) is a core soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) component. It lacks a transmembrane domain but anchors to presynaptic membranes via palmitoylation, forming the ternary SNARE complex with syntaxin-1 and VAMP2 to drive synaptic vesicle fusion and neurotransmitter release (e.g., acetylcholine, glutamate).
Mutations in SNAP25 are linked to Dravet syndrome (severe childhood epilepsy) and autism spectrum disorders. Botulinum toxin types A and B cleave SNAP25 to block exocytosis, used clinically for dystonia and hyperhidrosis. Ongoing research explores small molecules targeting SNAP25-SNARE interactions for epilepsy and neuropsychiatric condition therapies.